Leptospirosis and Your Pet: Symptoms, Risks, and Prevention

Leptospirosis is a disease that many pet owners have heard of—but few truly understand. At Partners Animal Hospital Greenville, we see it more often than people expect, especially after periods of heavy rain. It’s dangerous, zoonotic (meaning it can spread to humans), and often preventable.

What Is Leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis is caused by bacteria from the Leptospira family, found in water and soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals—like raccoons, rodents, and other wildlife. Dogs typically get infected by drinking or swimming in contaminated water or through contact with infected urine.

Signs Your Pet May Be Infected

Leptospirosis symptoms vary widely. Some dogs show no signs, while others become seriously ill. Look for:

• Fever
• Vomiting and diarrhea
• Muscle tenderness or reluctance to move
• Loss of appetite
• Jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes)
• Increased thirst and urination (a sign of kidney involvement)

This disease can cause kidney or liver failure if not caught early.

How We Diagnose and Treat It

Diagnosis usually involves bloodwork and urine tests to look for signs of infection and organ damage. Treatment includes antibiotics, IV fluids, and supportive care. Hospitalization is often necessary for more severe cases.

Prevention Starts with Vaccination

We strongly recommend the leptospirosis vaccine for dogs who:

• Spend time outdoors or hike
• Drink from puddles or ponds
• Live in areas with frequent rainfall or wildlife

Prevention also includes minimizing contact with standing water and wildlife urine.

Protect Your Family, Too

Because leptospirosis can spread to humans, keeping your dog vaccinated protects your entire household. If your dog is due—or you’re not sure—give us a call. We’ll help you keep everyone safe.  Call us at (864) 740-8662 or Book an Appointment Today!